GERMAN: I. Welche Freiheit meinen wir? Eine kleine Kartographie1. Sprichwö rtlich fü r die Verschiebungen im Freiheitsbegriff ist die Aussage Hegels, in den Herrschaftsformen des Alten Orient sei einer frei gewesen, in Rom einige, erst in den republikanischen Verfassungsstaaten der Neuzeit seien es alle. 1 Auch in der griechischen Philosophie ist Freiheit (eleutheria) zunä chst nicht der bestimmende Begriff. Ihre Bedeutung der Freiheit dringt in der griechischen Philosophie erst nach und nach zutage.....

Evaluation and analysis methods help to have a better understanding of the collected information and the results of the analysis of the research. Factor analysis (FA) is a multicriteria analysis that can be used to convert a large number of obtained criterias into a limited number of factors and then it can calculate and interprete on them. Analytic Network process (ANP) is also a multi-criteria evaluation method that allows data to be analyzed easily due to the simplicity of calculations, but this method has limitations in use due to its subjective ranking. Using the advantages of both methods, the F'ANP model makes it possible to first break down the constituent dimensions into components by using of factors analysis (FA) and then prioritize the dimensions and elements using Analytic Network Process (ANP). The F’, ANP model was introduced in 2013 by Esfandiar Zabrdast to construct a composite index to determine the degree of social vulnerability to earthquakes and to minimize the shortcomings of conventional methods of composite index construction. The present study is applying in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. In this research, First, three methods which includes Factor analysis (FA), Analytic network process (ANP) and F'ANP, are introduced, and then a research which entitled "Evaluation of Mehr housing policies in Iran and providing solutions to improve it", which was previously analyzed by the authors using Factor analysis (FA), is re-analyzed by ANP and F'ANP methods to compare the results and then express the strengths and weaknesses points of each one. And Finally, a model will be introduced for the optimal use of these methods in various urban problems. The model is explained to indicate FA, ANP and F'ANP's priority in solving different urban problems. According to the results of the research, when the purpose is to determine the effective criteria and indicators of the research topic or when the purpose is: analyzing the relationship between the indicators of a topic, FA is a good choice (As an example,Explaining the key criterias of the process of formation of place’, s identity in new urban development). If the purpose of the research is to prioritize or rank the options according to the indicators and factors affecting them or to compare two categories of the same gender according to the indicators which affecting it, it is better to use The Analytic Network Process (As an example,sustainable residential complexes location). And finally F’, ANP method can be used in researches in which at first we search to identify indicators and criteria and then prioritizes options (As an example,Evaluation and analysis of physical resilience in an area of Tehran against earthquakes) and for making composit criterias. The comparison of the results shows that the obtained factors and indicators are almost the same and only their priority is different after analyzing with three different methods. According to the research it can be said that the lack of knowledge about the existence of the F’, ANP method is the reason for less acceptance of it.

Generally, tax morale is defined as an umbrella capturing non-financial incentives for tax compliance and factors outside the standard and expected framework. Therefore, this paper prioritizes the factors affecting tax morale. This is mixed-method research. The mixed method is a procedure for collecting and analyzing quantitative and qualitative data in a study or a set of studies based on sequential and concurrent information. This paper first adopts the qualitative approach, followed by the quantitative approach. The Grounded theory approach is used to solve the research problem in the qualitative stage. This article adopted Strauss and Corbin's method and finally presented tax morale in six components, including causal, intervening, contextual, phenomenal, strategy and results of tax morale. This article prioritized the components identified from the Grounded Theory with two approaches, namely DEMATEL and ANP, and the sub-criteria were determined by 15 experts who had lived experience in taxation. The results showed that among the identified factors, the phenomenal category in the tax morale was the most significant, with a weight of $41\%$; followed by strategy and results, the causal category; and finally, the intervening and contextual categories are ranked next. The study results can be a guide for receiving taxes, and considering the identified components is a big step towards advancing tax goals and paving the path to achieving the taxation goals.

In today's business environment in which coordination and adaptation with constant changes are the only ways of survival, real-time monitoring of activities and making the decisions accordingly are necessary. Since performance measurement cannot be managed independent of business processes, Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) systems should monitor performance metrics based on business processes. With fast development of information technology infrastructures, increased interests in business processes management concept and organizations’ willingness in its application, organizations have become more attracted to activities monitoring. On the other hand, rapid market changes for maintaining competitive advantages are making the question of monitoring an even more important one. Business activities monitoring is a solution which helps the organization in making better decisions by gathering and analyzing relevant real-time data, monitoring Key Performance Indicators (KPI) and responding accordingly. Therefore, in today's business world, in which the ability to improve performance is critical for every organization, BAM is a vital element in achieving business strategies objectives.In this research, first we will recognize the effective indicators in evaluating BAM, and then will solve the model with ANP technique by positing these indicators in the presented model and testing hypothesis. Finally, the best feasible option for evaluating BAM in Bank Sepah will be selected.